# Dandruff: Causes, Ingredients and Scalp Care Dandruff is a recurring scalp condition that causes visible flakes and may include itching or redness. It is not simply a sign of poor hygiene. ## In simple terms Dandruff is a common scalp condition that causes visible flakes and often itching. It is associated with scalp oil, individual susceptibility and Malassezia yeasts, but flakes can also come from product irritation, eczema, psoriasis or fungal infection. A very dry hair length does not prove the scalp itself is dry. ## What it can and cannot do Anti-dandruff shampoos can reduce flakes and itch when the active suits the cause and is used correctly. They control rather than permanently cure a tendency to dandruff, so maintenance may be needed. Scalp oils can make some dandruff worse and do not replace an antifungal or keratolytic treatment. ## How it fits into a routine Apply the treatment shampoo directly to the scalp and leave it for the label's contact time before rinsing. Choose frequency for your hair texture and scalp oiliness, and condition the lengths if needed. If one active is ineffective after correct use, a dermatologist may suggest another or check the diagnosis. ## WishCare products - [AHA BHA Anti-Dandruff Shampoo](https://www.mywishcare.com/products/aha-bha-anti-dandruff-shampoo-hydrating-formula-250ml) - [Ceramide Anti-Dandruff Conditioner](https://www.mywishcare.com/products/ceramides-anti-dandruff-conditioner-hydrating-formula-200ml) ## Safety and when to get help Avoid scratching, which can break the skin. Stop a shampoo that causes severe burning or swelling. Seek medical care for thick plaques, pus, pain, swollen nodes, patchy hair loss, a ring-shaped rash or persistent severe dandruff. Children and people with treated scalp conditions should use medicated products under suitable guidance. ## Frequently asked questions ### Is dandruff caused by poor hygiene? No. Washing frequency can affect visible flakes, but dandruff reflects scalp biology and is not proof of uncleanliness. ### Should anti-dandruff shampoo go on the hair lengths? Target the scalp. Let rinse-off foam pass through lengths and use conditioner when the hair needs it. ### Can dandruff cause hair loss? Dandruff itself is not usually a primary hair-loss disorder, but inflammation and scratching can increase breakage or shedding. ## Related terms - [Piroctone Olamine](/glossary/piroctone-olamine) - [Salicylic Acid](/glossary/salicylic-acid-bha) - [Oily scalp](/glossary#oily-scalp) ## References - [American Academy of Dermatology: how to treat dandruff](https://www.aad.org/public/everyday-care/hair-scalp-care/scalp/treat-dandruff) ## Navigation - [Browse glossary](https://ai.mywishcare.com/glossary) ## Related glossary guides ### Acne and Acne Marks: Causes, Ingredients and Care Query: Acne & Acne Marks Acne includes clogged pores and inflamed spots. 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